4% in the treatment group, 50% in the control group (P < 0.05); and at 16 weeks the fusion rate was 50% and 87.5% in the control group and the treatment group, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion. The use of orthotopic paraspinal muscle-pediculated bone flaps increased the rate and quality of fusion in the experimental spinal fusion model. This suggested

that the novel posterior spinal fusion could be further developed for clinical application.”
“As a screening tool to identify symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, the Pediatric Autonomic Symptoms Scale was administered to parents of children with familial dysautonomia, autism spectrum disorders, and age-matched controls. The total scores for the presence of symptoms were compared among the 3 groups for each section and overall. The Pediatric Autonomic Symptoms Scale distinguished controls from children

with familial dysautonomia and autism spectrum disorders with scores from each section and overall scores. Target Selective Inhibitor Library Familial dysautonomia children scored significantly higher in visceral symptoms, while children with autism spectrum disorders scored significantly higher in psychosocial symptoms. In familial dysautonomia, the concordance for the presence of symptoms within sections and overall scores ranged from 71% to 100%. The concordance for absence of autonomic dysfunction symptoms in controls ranged from www.selleckchem.com/products/eft-508.html 75% to 87.5%. The Pediatric Autonomic Symptoms Scale is comprehensive and can profile autonomic dysfunction in the 2 neurodevelopmental disorders. Its usefulness in other pediatric disorders remains to be studied.”
“Transplant patients are susceptible to infectious complications due to chronic immunosuppression. We present two cases of persistent fever, weight loss and pancytopenia in kidney transplant recipients (originally concerning for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease) that were later diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis on bone marrow and lymph node biopsy. In both

patients, pancytopenia was due to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which has rarely been described in association with histoplasmosis and not previously reported in kidney transplant recipients ARN-509 with this fungal infection. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis can be complex due to nonspecific symptomatology, delays in isolating histoplasma by fungal culture and false-negative antibody titers in immunocompromised patients. A review of the literature including the clinical features of histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients (prevalence, current diagnostic testing and treatment options) as well as the association of HLH in immunocompromised states are discussed.”
“Study Design. Retrospective case series of surgically treated adult scoliosis patients.

Objective. To assess the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in a large series of adult idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing long instrumented spinal fusion (>5 vertebrae).