De-identified data for our study were extracted from this databas

De-identified data for our study were extracted from this database and analysed. In this retrospective cohort study, median CD4 cell counts at ART initiation, mortality after ART initiation and incident TB were ascertained in all patients starting first-line ART at IDI from January 2005 to December 2009. Patients who initiated ART elsewhere were excluded, as were patients who initiated

second-line ART. We did not include the cohorts of 2002 to 2004 because the number of patients who started ART was very low in comparison with the later cohorts. The primary study outcome was defined as the median CD4 cell count at ART initiation. Dabrafenib Secondary outcomes were the mortality rate and the incidence rate of TB in the first year after initiation Selleck AG-14699 of first-line ART. All analyses were stratified by year of ART initiation. To provide adequate background to the study, we describe the programme characteristics in terms of median CD4 cell counts at registration,

proportions of eligible patients who started ART, median times from registration to ART initiation, median times from eligibility to ART initiation and proportions of loss to follow-up (LFU). The baseline CD4 cell count was defined as the closest CD4 cell count to the ART initiation date measured between 6 months before and 15 days after ART initiation. Mortality was defined by the date of death recorded in the database. In patients who were confirmed dead but with an unknown date of death, the date of last visit to the clinic was used. Incident TB was defined by the first date on which the diagnosis was recorded in the database or when treatment was initiated, whichever date was earlier. LFU after ART initiation was defined as non-clinic attendance for more than 90 days [18]. Registration Olopatadine was defined as the date

of enrolment in care at IDI. Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric one-way analysis of variance and the Cuzick test for trend were used to compare median baseline CD4 cell counts by year of ART initiation. Mortality rates and incidence rates of TB in the first year after ART initiation were computed per 100 person years at risk (PYAR). Patients were censored at the time of transfer to another clinic, at the date of the last visit to the clinic for patients lost to follow-up, or at the last visit date before December 2009 for patients who initiated ART after December 2008. In the analysis of time to TB, there was additional censoring at the time of death. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated using survival analysis and compared using the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The proportional hazard assumption was tested using –ln[–ln(survival)] curves and Schoenfeld residuals.

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