, 1999). So, the sample matrix clearly affected the amperometric recordings, thus samples were 10-fold diluted before BIA injections. Souza et al. (2011) reported the presence CP-673451 cell line of H2O2 in more than 60% of the analyzed Brazilian UHT milk samples from the main producer areas of the country. The identification of H2O2 involved a qualitative colorimetric assay based on the oxidation of guaiacol (colorless)

by H2O2 catalyzed by peroxidase (typical protein presented in UHT-processed milk). This colorimetric method is in accordance with the Brazilian official protocol for milk analysis (Brasil, 2006). In this way, six Brazilian UHT milk samples processed in industrial plants located in regions selected in the work of Souza et al. (2011) were analyzed (four samples from the Southeast region and two samples from the Mid-west region). Hydrogen peroxide was not detected in

all samples using the proposed BIA-amperometric method. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed BIA method for milk analysis, all samples were spiked with 300 and 800 mg L−1 H2O2 (8.8 and 23.5 mmol−1) and analyzed after a 10-fold dilution using a calibration curve from 0.34 to 3.40 mmol L−1 H2O2. Table 1 presents the respective recovery values. Recovery values from 85% to 107% for the analysis of low and high-fat milk samples were obtained, which can be considered acceptable for such a complex sample. Fig. 4 depicts repeatability data obtained from successive injections (n = 9) of a 10-fold diluted sample spiked with 300 mg L−1 H2O2 (final concentration of H2O2 was 30 mg L−1). These results indicated that click here there was no interference of sample matrix on continuous amperometric measurements. The RSD value was 0.76% which was similar to repeatability RSD value obtained in standard solutions (0.85%). The continuous amperometric monitoring by PB-modified electrodes can be affected not AZD9291 in vitro only by sample matrix but also by losses

of electrocatalyst. Previous report has demonstrated that PB-modified electrodes obtained by electrodeposition underwent such an operational instability, which limited the sensor to 3 h in flow-injection-analysis systems (Karyakin & Karyakina, 1999). Polymeric coatings become necessary to overcome such a drawback and even to eliminate interferences from sample matrix on electrochemical response (Ping et al., 2010). The proposed PB-modified graphite-composite electrode was highly stable as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have shown and did not require any additional coating. A simple mechanical polishing provided a fresh electrode surface with elevated reproducibility of the amperometric response (RSD = 1.6%, n = 5). Moreover, the storage stability of the PB-modified graphite-composite surpassed 1 year keeping equivalent performance as initially presented. The modified electrode which presented an initial slope value of −34 μA L mmol−1 (R = 0.999) (calibration curve presented in Fig.