Timoshenko et al. [22] found that VEGF-C expression and secretion could be inhibited by down-regulation of COX-2 with COX-2 siRNA in human breast cancer. Several reports have also revealed that there was a significant association between COX-2 expression and lymph node metastasis, and COX-2 expression was Selleck Nepicastat correlated with VEGF-C expression in gastric carcinoma [20, 52]. These results indicated that a lymphangiogenic pathway, in which COX-2 up-regulated VEGF-C expression, might exist in human carcinoma. However, contrary to the above results, some studies have shown that there was no association
between COX-2 expression and lymph node metastasis in many types of cancer, JPH203 ic50 including gastric carcinoma [50, 53–57]. Furthermore, some studies found that there was no association between COX-2 expression and VEGF-C expression or COX-2 and VEGF-C
mRNA levels in several types of cancer [57–59]. In our study, we did not find correlations between COX-2 and VEGF-C, or COX-2 and LVD. Though COX-2 expression was associated with survival time, COX-2 was not correlated with VEGF-C VRT752271 order or LVD. Our data did not show that overexpression of COX-2 promotes tumor lymphangiogenesis through an up-regulation of VEGF-C expression in gastric carcinoma. This difference is based upon the smaller number of specimens examined (mostly n < 100), a biased selection of patients, different scoring systems, or different antibodies used. In addition, most studies were retrospective. Conclusions The overexpression of VEGF-C and COX-2 has been found in gastric carcinoma tissues. Age, COX-2 and peritumoral LVD were independent prognostic factors for human gastric carcinoma. Although COX-2 expression was associated with survival time, it was not correlated with VEGF-C or peritumoral LVD. Our data
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