Grafts can be used selectively for apical suspensions and may improve cure rates but also increase risk of some complications.

Slings should be added selectively to reduce postoperative stress incontinence. For women interested in future sexual activity who require apical prolapse surgery, we suggest using transvaginal apical repairs for older patients, those with primary or less severe prolapse, and those at increased surgical risk. We recommend sacral colpopexy with polypropylene mesh (preferably by minimally invasive route) in younger women, those with more severe prolapse or recurrences after vaginal surgery, and women with prolapsed, short vaginas. In older women with severe prolapse who are not interested in sexual activity, obliterative operations are BIBF 1120 in vivo very effective and have high satisfaction rates. An interactive consent process is mandatory, because many decisions-about route of surgery; use of hysterectomy, slings, and grafts; and vaginal capacity for sexual intercourse-require an informed patient’s input. Selective referral to specialists in Female Pelvic medicine and Reconstructive Surgery can be considered for complex and recurrent cases. (Obstet Gynecol 2013;121:354-74) DOI: http://10.1097/AOG.0b013e31827f415c”
“BACKGROUND: Several models have been developed to click here simulate the decay of pollutants concentration along the

biofilter and to predict its performance. Despite the evidence, it is common that most models ignore the effect of variable biomass along the biofilter. An equation that represents the variable BMS-754807 amount of active biomass along the column was included in the modelling of a biotrickling filter; it was obtained by measuring the active biomass at different heights. Validation of the model was carried out using experimental data obtained at different H(2)S loads.

RESULTS: The simulation considering the expression for variable active biomass along the column shows better correlation with experimental results. With the diffusion

coefficient that shows the best fit with the experimental results; 1.35 x 10(-9) m(2) s(-1), the value of the Thiele module is 2 x 10(-3), indicating that biooxidation of H(2)S is controlled by mass transfer.

CONCLUSIONS: A better correlation between experimental results and model prediction is obtained when the expression for variable active biomass along the column is considered in the modelling. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry”
“BACKGROUND: Olive oil mill wastewaters (OMW) from a three-phase system were treated in a laboratory-scale continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) for hydrogen production. Microbiological and physicochemical characterizations of raw and anaerobically treated olive oil mill effluents were performed.