Objective: To advance understanding about this fundamental concep

Objective: To advance understanding about this fundamental concept, we examined the ability of serum myristic acid and linoleic acid, expressed as molecular percentages or as concentrations, to predict

dietary fat and serum cholesterol concentrations.

Design: A cross-sectional analysis of a population-based survey of New Zealand adults (n = 2732) was undertaken. The association of myristic BI 6727 order and linoleic acids in serum cholesterol ester and phospholipid with dietary fat or serum cholesterol was assessed.

Results: Intake of saturated fat, dairy fat, and polyunsaturated fat was predicted similarly with the use of both units of measurement. After adjustment for confounders, mean total cholesterol decreased by 0.18 mmol/L from the lowest to the highest quintile of serum cholesteryl-linoleate as a molecular percentage (P

= 0.027). In contrast, mean total cholesterol increased by 1.09 mmol/L from the lowest to the highest quintile of serum cholesteryl-linoleate concentration (P < 0.001). The molecular percentage and concentration of serum cholesteryl-myristate were positively associated with total cholesterol (P < 0.001). Results for serum phospholipid fatty acids were similar.

Conclusion: Serum myristic acid and linoleic acid measured as molecular percentages, but not as concentrations, predict serum total cholesterol in a manner CDK activation that distinguishes between the differential

cholesterolemic effects of dietary saturated and polyunsaturated fats. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:398-405.”
“Background: Data evaluating the frequency of elevated aminotransferases (as a surrogate for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and metabolic syndrome (MS) components among overweight multiethnic children/adolescents originating predominantly from South/Central America and the Caribbean are limited.

Methods: A sample (N = 284) of multiethnic (75% Latino, 25% Afro Caribbean/non-Hispanic black) Selleckchem PR171 overweight children/adolescents’ (mean age 12.24 +/- 3.48) overnight fasting insulin and glucose, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, HDL/LDL/total cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminostransferase (ALT) were analyzed.

Results: A total of 22% of the sample had elevated ALT (>= 30 U/L; mean 25.94 U/L for Hispanics, 23.05 U/L for blacks) and 8% had elevated AST (>= 35 U/L; mean 23.05 U/L for Hispanics, 24.68 U/L for blacks). AST and ALT were significantly correlated with triglycerides (r = 0.23, P < .01; r = 0.18, P < .05, respectively) for the overall sample.

Conclusions: Among overweight adolescents, MS components are associated with NALFD in subgroups of major ethnic groups suggesting that AST and ALT as surrogate markers for NAFLD should be included in addition to the standard cardio metabolic tests.

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