Clinically, it should be considered that, in the absence of a dedicated test for microalbuminuria, it is not possible to distinguish between patients with and without elevated levels of urinary albumin using only a urine dipstick. Given that microalbuminuria is a risk factor for proteinuria, knowledge of its presence through dedicated testing might be indicated to eventually guide clinicians to the optimal prevention of progression of renal disease in HIV-infected persons. LAS’s work was supported by a grant from the National Kidney Foundation of North Carolina and by grant DK02724-01A1 from the National

Institutes of Health. JAB is supported by the following grants from http://www.selleckchem.com/products/apo866-fk866.html the US National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: International Studies of AIDS-Associated Co-infections (ISAAC) (AI062563), HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (AI069484), and the find more Duke University Center

for AIDS Research (CFAR) (AI645180). This research was supported in part by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded programme (P30 AI50410). Conflicts of interest No investigators have any content-specific conflicts of interest regarding the material presented in this paper. “
“The aim of this study was to describe the long-term changes in CD4 cell counts beyond 5 years of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). If natural ageing leads to a long-term decline in the immune system via low-grade

chronic immune activation/inflammation, then one might expect to see a greater or earlier decline in CD4 counts in older HIV-positive patients with increasing duration of cART. Retrospective and prospective data were examined from long-term virologically stable HIV-positive adults from the Australian HIV Observational Database. We estimated mean CD4 cell count changes following the completion of 5 years of cART using linear mixed models. A total of 37 916 CD4 measurements were observed for 892 patients over a combined total of 9753 patient-years. Older patients (> 50 years old) at cART initiation had estimated mean (95% confidence interval) changes in CD4 counts by year-5 Leukotriene-A4 hydrolase CD4 count strata (< 500, 500–750 and > 750 cells/μL) of 14 (7 to 21), 3 (–5 to 11) and –6 (–17 to 4) cells/μL/year. Of the CD4 cell count rates of change estimated, none were indicative of long-term declines in CD4 cell counts. Our results suggest that duration of cART and increasing age do not result in decreasing mean changes in CD4 cell counts for long-term virologically suppressed patients, indicating that the level of immune recovery achieved during the first 5 years of treatment is sustained through long-term cART. “
“Bacterial pneumonia still contributes to morbidity/mortality in HIV infection despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

S1). After UV-cross-linking, the membrane was prehybridized in PerfectHyb plus hybridization buffer

(Sigma, St Louis, MO) at 65 °C. A biotin-labeled antisense oligonucleotide (5′-GTGTGTTCCCTTGCGTCCCA-3′) probe was then added directly to the prehybridization buffer and incubated overnight at 37 °C. After hybridization, the membrane was washed twice with 0.1× SSC/0.1% SDS at room temperature. The signals were detected by using the chemiluminescent nucleic acid detection module (Thermo Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Small size cDNA libraries of S. mutans were analysed by deep sequencing, which gave 19 million sequence reads. The sequences composed of 15–26 nt were extracted as valid sRNAs and were compared with Doxorubicin price buy Pexidartinib various RNA databases (NCBI and Rfam). The length distribution of all sRNAs (mappable reads) is shown in Fig. 1. sRNAs and their extended sequences (flanking sequences) were analysed for hairpin structure prediction and classification. Of these sequenced sRNAs, 17.6% (3 372 405 reads) and 6.5% (1 239 481 reads) were mapped to ribosomal RNAs (and others) and mRNAs, respectively (Table 1). Others belonged to the group of RNAs that were not

blasted to any reference RNA databases and therefore may represent the fraction of novel RNAs. sRNAs were considered as putative msRNAs if they are able to form hairpins with flanking nucleotide sequences in the genome. msRNAs with more than 100 clone counts are detailed in Table 2. Seven selected msRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR

using specific TaqMan probe and primer sets (Fig. 2). This analysis revealed a rough correlation between the number of msRNAs, identified Resminostat by the deep sequencing, and their cellular content. Six of seven tested candidates may form complementary duplexes with other msRNAs registered in this study (Fig. 2b). In animals, during typical miRNA biogenesis, one strand of an RNA duplex is preferentially selected for combining with a silencing complex, whereas the other one, known as the miRNA* strand, is inactivated or degraded (O’Toole et al., 2006). However, some miRNA* sequences were reported as guide miRNAs with abundant expression (Okamura et al., 2008; Jagadeeswaran et al., 2010). Revealing putative msRNA* sequences for certain msRNAs (Fig. 2b and Table 2), however, we were unable to verify msRNA* expression by qRT-PCR because the software failed to design specific TaqMan probe and primer sets, which may be due to their RNA structure or small size (Table 2). Although the validated msRNA-428 can also form a short hairpin structure with its extended sequence, the corresponding msRNA* was not found among the registered reads. msRNA-428 is encoded by the genomic region located in front of 16S rRNA genes (one or two mismatches with S. mutans UA159 genomic DNA). The cellular form of msRNA-428 was tested by Northern blotting (Fig. 2c), which revealed a single band of the expected size (20 nt).

Every man who uses BCN Checkpoint services is tested for and counselled regarding HIV infection and syphilis. Peer counselling is offered by an openly gay staff, and some of the

counsellors are PLWHIV themselves. VCT lasts 1 h on the first visit and 30 min on subsequent visits (although it can take longer depending on the client’s needs) where men are able to talk openly about sexuality, their perceptions of the risk of HIV transmission, and sexual safety without fearing prejudice or stigma. Education is also provided on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and other STIs. Men with an HIV-positive result receive immediate emotional support from a peer, have the result confirmed by a Western blot test, and are offered

an appointment at one of Barcelona’s HIV units. Men with Tacrolimus cost an HIV-negative result receive counselling encouraging them to maintain sexual safety for risk reduction, and are invited to repeat selleck chemical the test at least every 6 or 12 months. Only data regarding HIV were included in this study. We determined (1) the number of tests performed and the number of persons tested, (2) the global HIV prevalence and the HIV prevalence for first visits to the centre, (3) the proportion of reported HIV cases in MSM in Catalonia detected at BCN Checkpoint, (4) the proportion of HIV-positive individuals with a previous negative test result within the last 18 months, (5) the linkage to care rate: the proportion of newly diagnosed individuals successfully linked to medical care (a successful linkage was considered an HIV unit referral within 4 weeks). Table 1 shows the HIV positivity rates from 2007 to 2012. The numbers of tests (row 1), persons tested (row 2) and HIV-positive cases (row 3) increased progressively. BCN Checkpoint achieved a maximum of 5051 tests offered to a population of 4049 different men in 2012. As a result of the promotion of regular testing for MSM, the proportion of people returning to

the centre increased over the years. Nevertheless, the number of persons who visited BCN Checkpoint for the first time (row 5) Tolmetin remained steady and the average prevalence of HIV positivity for these individuals (row 7) was 5.4% (range: 4.1−5.8%). Regarding the detection of HIV in MSM in Catalonia, BCN Checkpoint detected a substantial proportion of all new cases of HIV infection in MSM between 2007 and 2011 (row 9), according to the Catalan National HIV Surveillance System (row 8; no data from 2012 yet available). During 2009–2011 the average proportion was 36.6% (range: 35.0−40.4%). The proportion of individuals newly diagnosed at BCN Checkpoint between 2009 and 2012 who had had at least one previous negative test result within the last 18 months was 62.1% (284 out of 457). Some of these detections were recent, acute infections.

By contrast, at 6 and 36 months after initiation of cART, the median (IQR) CD4 count was lower in IDUs compared with

non-IDUs [at 6 months, 297 (IQR 160–469) cells/μL vs. 323 (IQR 186–488) cells/μL, respectively; at 36 months, 405 (IQR 249–605) cells/μL vs. 462 (IQR 310–660) cells/μL, respectively]. The proportions of patients with undetectable viral load (defined as HIV-1 RNA ≤500 copies/mL) at 6 and 36 months after initiation of cART were also lower for IDUs compared with non-IDUs (at 6 months, 71.2 vs. 79.6%, respectively; P<0.001; at 36 months, 70.2 vs. 78.5%, PLX3397 concentration respectively; P<0.001). In a subset of 15 238 patients with data on coinfection with hepatitis C virus at baseline, there was a strong association between IDU status and a positive test result: 2204 (88%) of IDUs were coinfected compared with 1518 (12%) of non-IDUs (P<0.001). A total of 533 deaths (8.5%) were recorded in patients with a history of IDU, compared with 1564 (4.1%) among non-IDUs over the follow-up period: mortality rates were 2.08 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.91–2.26] vs. 1.04 (95% CI 0.99–1.09), respectively, per 100 person-years (P<0.001). Rates of AIDS were also higher in IDUs than in non-IDUs [2.91 (95% CI 2.70–3.13) vs. 2.33 (95% CI 2.25–2.41), respectively, per 100 person-years; P<0.001]. The unadjusted mortality Bleomycin solubility dmso rate ratio (RR), comparing IDUs with non-IDUs, was higher for patients with baseline CD4 counts ≥200 cells/μL than for

those with CD4 counts <200 cells/μL [2.67 (95% CI 2.26–3.15) vs. 1.76 (95% CI 1.55–2.00), respectively; P-value for homogeneity 0.0001]. Mortality RRs increased with time since start of cART, from 1.28 (95% CI 0.98–1.65) in the first 6 months to 1.48 (95% CI 1.08–1.99) in months 6–12 and 2.41 (95% CI 2.11–2.75) in years 1–5 (P-value for homogeneity <0.0001). Table 2 shows hazard ratios for the association of patient characteristics at baseline with progression to death and AIDS (mutually adjusted

for other variables in the table and stratified by cohort) in patients who were and were not infected via IDU, together with P-values for interaction (differences in hazard ratios in IDUs and non-IDUs). Lower baseline CD4 cell count, higher baseline HIV viral load, clinical AIDS at baseline, and later year of cART initiation were associated with disease progression in both groups, consistent with associations reported previously [12,28]. However, mafosfamide the inverse association of baseline CD4 cell count with subsequent rates of AIDS (interaction P<0.0001) and death (interaction P=0.092) appeared to be stronger in IDUs than in non-IDUs. By contrast, the positive association of baseline HIV-1 RNA with subsequent AIDS appeared stronger in non-IDUs than IDUs (interaction P=0.006). While the positive association of a diagnosis of AIDS before starting cART with mortality appeared stronger in non-IDUs than IDUs (interaction P=0.003), the association with AIDS appeared stronger in IDUs (interaction P=0.013).

Alzheimer’s Disease and dementia were taught by 17 Schools although just 10 and eight Schools respectively covered them in detail. ADHD, autism, eating disorders,

OCD, and personality disorder received little attention and were poorly covered by the majority of Schools. Teaching centred on pharmacology and therapeutics with very few Schools covering social aspects of mental health disorders. Six Schools had taken a deliberate decision to concentrate teaching on those conditions which students were most likely to see in practice. Two selleck chemicals llc Schools had a mental health option in the curriculum. Experiential opportunities for students were limited: six Schools offered some sort of placement but not all involved patient contact; and just four Schools used expert patients in classroom teaching.

Eight Schools employed at least one full-time academic member of staff that had previously worked as a mental health pharmacist. In the other 11 Schools, five employed, on a sessional basis, practising mental health pharmacists to deliver aspects of the undergraduate provision; the remaining six Schools relied heavily on hospital teacher practitioners, regardless of background, to teach mental health disorders. Only three Schools had any teaching input from other healthcare professionals. Current teaching of mental health in Schools shows that subject areas that are more prevalent in society GKT137831 cost are majored on but less commonly encountered conditions are less well covered. This ‘strategic’ approach to those conditions commonly met in practice seems reasonable given the challenges Schools face when determining MPharm curriculum content. Delivery was primarily ‘classroom’ based, taught by pharmacists, and which was medicines centric with very little attention given over to wider determinants Fenbendazole of mental health. This theory-based uni-professional view of mental health disorders raises questions about how well prepared students are to provide mental health services. 1. Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain

in Europe 2010. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 21: 655–679. 2. Brandford D. Survey shows wide variations in the teaching of psychiatric pharmacy. Pharm J 1990; 245: 591. Sara McMillan1, Adem Sav1, Fiona Kelly4,2, Michelle King4, Jennifer Whitty3, Amanda Wheeler1,2 1Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Australia, 2Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 3Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, QLD, Australia, 4Griffith University, QLD, Australia To explore determinants influencing pharmacy choice for Australian residents with chronic health conditions and unpaid carers. The provision of patient-centred care, such as a caring relationship, continuity of care and individualised counselling, were important determinants for people when choosing a pharmacy.

, 1997), suggesting that P. carinii uses rapid and robust sterol-scavenging mechanisms. A separate study utilizing in vitro radiolabeling revealed that incorporation of radiolabeled squalene into sterols occurred predominantly in noncholesterol sterol fractions, whereas the relative specific activity of the crude cholesterol fraction was 20-fold less than those of the other sterol fractions, indicating that cholesterol was not synthesized by P. carinii under these conditions (Worsham et al., 2003). The ability of P. carinii to scavenge sterols from alveolar cells was shown using P. carinii attached to A549 alveolar epithelial

cells. In this study, P. carinii-associated fluorescence BI-2536 was observed after an overnight incubation with Bodipy-C12 labeled A549 cells (Furlong et al., 1997), and cellular fluorescence was fivefold higher in P. carinii organisms attached to A549 cells compared with nonadherent P. carinii, suggesting that attachment facilitated lipid transfer (Furlong et al., 1997). In addition to the presence of cholesterol within the membranes of P. carinii, several plant sterols Trichostatin A have been biochemically detected in P. carinii including campesterol, β-sitosterol, brassicasterol and stigmasterol (Giner et al., 2002). It has been proposed that plant sterols were not synthesized by P. carinii, but were originally a part of the host diet

that was incorporated into the lung, and subsequently scavenged by P. carinii and then incorporated into P. carinii cellular membranes (Giner et al., 2002). While cholesterol and plant sterols are incorporated unchanged into P. carinii membranes, experimental data provided by two separate studies suggest that the pathogen can remodel host-derived sterols. An early study looking at the fate of scavenged fluorescent lipids revealed that

although the majority of scavenged Uroporphyrinogen III synthase lipids were incorporated unchanged into P. carinii membranes, detection of the fluorescent label could be found in other lipid classes, including neutral lipids and phospholipids, suggesting the ability of P. carinii to modify scavenged lipids into complex lipid classes (Furlong et al., 1997). An analysis of sterols within P. carinii revealed the presence of sterols that cannot be synthesized de novo by either P. carinii or mammalian cells. Pneumocystis carinii contains a number of Δ5 alkylated C-24 sterols (Giner et al., 2002), but mammals are unable to alkylate the C-24 position of the sterol nucleus, and the lack of triene sterols in P. carinii (Giner et al., 2002) suggests that the organism is not able to destaurate C-5. The lack of the gene encoding C-5 desaturase has led to the belief that these Δ5 alkylated sterols were first scavenged from the host and subsequently modified by P. carinii Erg6 (Giner et al., 2002). The presence of large amounts of cholesterol within the membranes of P. carinii suggests that cholesterol uptake may be a constitutive process in P. carinii.

Previous work has demonstrated that immediately following 21 days of self-administration, while blood levels of cocaine are still high, there are reductions in functional activity in a number of brain regions (Macey et al., 2004); however, the question remained as to whether these changes persisted beyond the self-administration session. Most functional activity studies determine the effects of a drug challenge; however, the present study focused on rates of local cerebral glucose utilization selleck compound in the absence of drug, to determine

its residual effects. These data are important because determining the persistent effects of cocaine self-administration on functional activity can point to changes in specific brain regions and circuits which may be predictive of behavioral deficits in cocaine-addicted individuals. We show that cocaine self-administration results in functional reductions in brain regions involved in reward, learning and memory that are present 48 h after the final cocaine session. We also see reduced function of the dorsal raphe and locus coeruleus, which has implications for global brain function as

these nuclei have an extensive network of projections. learn more Using behavioral activity analysis after cocaine self-administration we report alterations which could be predicted based on decreased serotonergic and dopaminergic functioning, demonstrating that these neural changes have behavioral implications. The SB-3CT reduced functional activity in selected regions suggests that even limited cocaine self-administration is capable of producing reductions in regional brain activity that

may have adverse consequences for normal functioning. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (375–400 g; Harlan Laboratories, Frederick, MD, USA) were maintained according to the National Institutes of Health guidelines in Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care-accredited facilities. The experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Wake Forest School of Medicine. Rats (n = 14) were anesthetized with ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg), implanted with chronic indwelling jugular catheters, and trained for i.v. self-administration as previously described (Liu et al., 2005). Following surgery, animals were singly housed, and all self-administration sessions took place in the home cage. Each animal was maintained on a reverse light cycle (03:00 h lights off; 15:00 h lights on), and all self-administration procedures occurred during the active/dark cycle. Sessions were 6 h in length and were terminated at the end of the 6 h or after 40 injections of drug. Animals self-administered cocaine (1.5 mg/kg per injection over 4 s) on a fixed-ratio 1 schedule of administration. Concurrent with the start of each injection, the lever retracted and a stimulus light was activated for 20 s to signal a time-out period.

In selleck chemicals contrast to the wild type,

the AfuNce102 deletion mutant showed a low frequency of conidiophores after 16 h of incubation (Fig. 2d). The size of conidiophores and the number of spores per conidiophore were reduced markedly, and instead, a large number of undifferentiated aerial hyphae were produced. However, after 2 days, conidiophores were visible at the colony margin with a low density in the colony center. The mutant was also not able to produce any conidia at room temperature in minimal medium (Fig. 2b). Despite the conidiation abnormalities, the growth of mutant under a range of conditions such as variable carbon and nitrogen sources and differing incubation temperatures (30, 37, and 42 °C) were examined. The results showed no significant difference in growth under these conditions when compared with the wild type, indicating that the AfuNce102 is not involved Navitoclax concentration in the growth of A. fumigatus under tested conditions. Germination studies of wild-type and deletant spores in SAB or MM liquid medium confirmed a

similar pattern of germination time and the frequency of germinated spores (data not shown). Conidiophore development can be triggered by various environmental signals, and the brlA gene acts as a key regulator in this process (Adams et al., 1988). To check if the brlA expression has been affected by AfuNce102 deletion, the transcription level of brlA was measured after 16 and 24 h incubation of both mutant and parent strains in minimal medium using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results indicated that the lack of AfuNce102 function did not influence the transcriptional level of brlA (data not shown). It has been proposed that fluG gene as the most upstream component of FluG pathway is responsible for the synthesis of a low molecular weight extracellular factor that can activate the fungal sporulation program (Lee & Adams, 1994; Wieser & Adams, 1995). As the contiguous cultivation of fluG deletant and the wild-type strain have resulted in complementation of the fluG defect in the mutant, we tested the possible suppression of conidiation defect in AfuNce102 deletion mutant by growing the strain next to the wild Paclitaxel nmr type on minimal medium agar. The results demonstrated

that the conidiation abnormality in AfuNce102 deletion mutant was not suppressed when it was grown next to the wild-type strain (data not shown). MIC levels against a range of known antifungal drugs or chemical compounds were determined to test their effect on the AfuNce102 mutant. No difference in MIC between the wild type and the mutant was observed for itraconazole, hygromycin B, nystatin, and calcofluor white; however, the mutant showed an eightfold increase in sensitivity to the sphingolipid synthesis blocker, Myriocin t, compared with the parental strain (MIC values: 25 μg mL−1 for mutant and 200 μg mL−1 for parent strain). The AfuNce102 deletion mutant was transformed with a 3.5-kb PCR product containing AfuNce102 and 5′ and 3′ flanking regions.

Overall there was a modest benefit in terms

of delaying the decline in CD4 cell count, or time from seroconversion, to requiring initiation of lifelong ART following a 48- [16] or 60- [15] week course of ART. A post hoc analysis from the SPARTAC Dasatinib mw trial [16] showed a non-significant trend towards benefit in time to CD4 cell count <350 cells/μL when ART was initiated closer to the time of infection (HR 0.48; P = 0.09). This randomized study supported cohort studies in which a more rapid rate of CD4 cell loss was seen in individuals presenting within 12 weeks of a negative HIV antibody test [17, 18]. For this reason, we suggest that the following are discussed with those presenting with a very short

test interval (≤12 weeks), in particular, those with severe symptoms of seroconversion such as rash, fever, weight loss, persistent lymphadenopathy, diarrhoea >4 days, malaise, headaches or laboratory evidence of acute HIV infection (e.g. as defined in SPARTAC [16]). A 48-week course of ART showed a benefit in surrogate markers of HIV-disease progression: delaying CD4 decline and lowering viral set point up to 60 weeks after stopping therapy. There was no such benefit from 12 weeks of ART. In those individuals presenting within 12 weeks of infection, this effect was more marked; however, there is no clear evidence of long-term clinical benefit of ART in this setting. No study has BGB324 clinical trial examined whether ART started during, or soon after, PHI should be continued long term, but most clinicians

would recommend that irrespective of indication to start ART, once initiated, it should be continued indefinitely. Discontinuation of ART in the context of treatment of PHI was not commonly associated with morbidity, however [15, 16]. Initiation of a PI-based regimen is recommended if therapy is started before the availability of a genotype result, based on the prevalence of transmitted rates of drug resistance in the UK [19]. There is no specific evidence to support the role of ART in PHI to prevent onward transmission of virus but there is little reason to consider that ART is any less effective in reducing infectivity at this time, so long as viral suppression has been achieved [20]. Patients with recently diagnosed PHI may be in a Sinomenine particularly vulnerable psychological state, and thus ill-prepared to commit to starting long-term treatment. We recommend the evidence that treatment with ART lowers the risk of transmission is discussed with all patients, and an assessment of the current risk of transmission to others is made at the time of this discussion (GPP). We recommend following discussion, if a patient with a CD4 cell count >350 cells/μL wishes to start ART to reduce the risk of transmission to partners, this decision is respected and ART is started (GPP).

LO, Tsia-Shu Longatto-Filho, A. Louis, Buck Lovatsis, Danny Lovotti, Massimo Lu, Guangxiu Luciano, D. E. Luetic, Ana Tikvica Lujan, Marla Lumbiganon, Pisake Lurie, Samuel Mabuchi, Seiji Maeda, Nagamasa Maeder, M. T. Maehara, Kayoko Magann, Everett Maggiore, Umberto Leone Roberti Mahone, M. Mais, Valerio Maitra, Nandita Majeroni, Barbara Majoko, Franz Majumdar, A. Makino, Shintaro Makino, Yasuo Maleki, Z. Manchester, Andrew Mannaerts, Bernadette Marbaix,

Etienne Marci, Roberto Marconi, A. M. Mariona, Federico Marschall, H. U. Marth, Christian Martin, James Jr Martinelli, Pasquale Martínez, Fracas Marverti, Gaetano Masuyama, Hisashi Matorras, Roberto Matsubara, Keiichi Matsubara, Shigeki Matsubayashi, http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ink128.html Hidehiko Matsuda, Hideo Matsuda, Yoshio Matsui, Hideo Matsumoto, Harunobu Matsumoto, Koji Matsumoto, Yoshinari Matsumura, Noriomi Matsuoka, Ryu Matsuura, Yusuke Matsuzaki, Toshiya Maurin, Jean-Pierre McDonnell, N. Meczekalski, Blazej Medina, Carlos Megabiaw, Berihun Mendez-Figueroa, Hector Mercer, Daniel Mertes, H. Metoki, H. Micks, Elizabeth Miki, Akinori Mikkola, Tuija Miura, Kazuya Minaguchi, Takeo Minakami, Hisanori

Mitsuda, Nobuaki Miura, Kiyonori LDK378 molecular weight Miyakoshi, Kei Miyamoto, Tutomu Miyauchi, Akito Mizuno, Mika Moalli, Pamela A. Modanlou, H. Mogami, Haruta Molvarec, Attila Momoeda, Mikio Momotani, N. Monneuse, Olivier Moore, L. Moore, T. Mor, Gil Morales-Prieto, Diana Morikawa, Mamoru Morita, Mineto Morton, Cynthia Moskovitz, Joshua Mottolese, Marcella

Mundhenke, Christoph Murakoshi, Takeshi Muramatsu-Kato, Keiko Murata, Yuji Muwonge, Richard Mylonas, Ioannis Myriokefalitaki, Eva Nabeshima, Kazuki Nagai, Yutaka Nagamatsu, Takeshi Nagao, Shoji Nagase, Satoru Nagata, Chie Nagata, Masashi Nagy, Gyula Naik, Chai Nakagawa, Koji Nakai, Yuichiro Nakajima, Atsushi Nakamura, Kazuto Nakamura, Keiichiro Nakanishi, Toru Nakao, Sari Nakao, Yoshihumi Nakata, Masahiko Nakatsuka, Mikiya Nakayama, Kentaro Nam, Joo-Hyun Nanba, Fumihiko Nancy, Judge Naruse, Katsuhiko Nasr, A. Nasu, Kaei Nayeri, U. Neil, P. Neki, Reiko Nelson, S. M. Nesbitt-Hawes, Erin M. Nezhat, Camran only Niikura, Hitoshi Niimi, Kaoru Nishi, Hirotaka Nishigori, Hidekazu Nishiguchi, Tomizo Nishijima, Koji Nishikawa, Nobumichi Nishino, Koji Nizard, J. Noam, Lazebnik Nogawa, Takayoshi Nomura, Jimmy Nor Azlin, Mohamed Ismail Nordmo, E. Nosher, John Oda, Katsutoshi Ogawa, Masaki Ogashima, Daiki Ogita, Kazuhide Oh, Sung-Tack Ohashi, Kazutomo Ohba, Takashi Ohkawa, Reiko Ohkubo, Takayoshi Ohno, Tatsuya Ohno, Yasumasa Oi, Hidekazu Okada, Satohi Okagaki, Ryugo Okano, Tadaharu Oki, Toshimichi Okosieme, Onyebuchi Okutomi, Toshiyuki Olsson, A. Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Magdalena Omichi, Masahide Onda, Takashi Ono, Masanori Onuh, Sunday Onuki, Mamiko Oomori, Makiko Osada, Hisao Osmundsen, Blake C. Osuga, Yutaka Otsuki, Katshufumi Ou, M. C. Ou, Yu-Che Ouyang, Ling Ovalle, Alfredo Oyelese, Yinka Ozalp, S. Ozcakar, Levent Ozcan, Tulin Pabuccu, Emre Pagliardini, Luca Pagnoux, C.