“
“Study Design. This study is a repeated measures design to measure the lumbar spine response to typical school backpack

loads in healthy children. Screening Library The lumbar spine in this setting was measured for the first time by an upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.

Objective. The purpose of this study is to measure the lumbar spine response to typical school backpack loads in healthy children. We hypothesize that backpack loads significantly increase disc compression and lumbar curvature.

Summary of Background Data. Children commonly carry school backpacks of 10% to 22% bodyweight. Despite growing concern among parents about safety, there are no imaging studies which describe the effect of backpack loads on the spine in children.

Methods. Three boys and 5 girls, age 11 +/- 2 years (mean +/- SD) underwent T2 weighted sagittal and coronal MRI scans of the lumbar spine while standing. Scans were repeated with 4, 8, and 12 kg backpack loads, which represented approximately 10%, 20%, and 30% body weight for our sample. Main outcome measures were disc compression, defined as post-minus preloading disc height, and lumbar asymmetry, defined as the coronal Cobb angle between the superior endplates of S1 and L1.

Results. Increasing backpack loads significantly compressed lumbar disc heights measured ML323 in vivo in the midline

sagittal plane ( P < 0.05, repeated-measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]). Lumbar asymmetry was: 2.23 degrees +/- 1.07 degrees standing, 5.46 degrees +/- 2.50 degrees with 4 kg, 9.18 degrees +/- 2.25 degrees with 8 kg, and 5.68 degrees +/- 1.76 degrees with 12 kg ( mean +/- SE). Backpack loads significantly increased lumbar asymmetry ( Selleck VX-680 P < 0.03, one-way ANOVA). Four of the 8 subjects had Cobb angles greater than 10 during 8-kg backpack loads. Using a visual-analogue scale to rate their pain (0-no pain, 10-worst pain imaginable), subjects reported significant increases in back pain associated with backpack loads of 4, 8, and 12 kg ( P < 0.001, 1-way ANOVA).

Conclusion.

Backpack loads are responsible for a significant amount of back pain in children, which in part, may be due to changes in lumbar disc height or curvature. This is the first upright MRI study to document reduced disc height and greater lumbar asymmetry for common backpack loads in children.”
“An in depth study is performed on the origin of and influences on the formation of tetrahydrofuran (THF) during the first stage of the terephthalic acid (TPA) based synthesis of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Although many improvements on the synthesis process of PBT have been reported in literature to suppress this undesired side reaction, only few studies reported on the actual mechanism of the THF formation, which is not completely understood. Low molecular weight compounds have been used to model the side reactions occurring during the polymerization reaction.

This distinct architecture is reflected AZD5363 by functional differences, including phosphorylation control by organellar protein kinase(s) closely related to nucleocytosolic, rather than bacterial-type, enzymes. In particular, cpCK2, a nuclear-coded plastid-targeted casein kinase 2, has been implicated as a key component in plant sigma factor phosphorylation and transcriptional regulation (Eur. J. Biochem. 269, 2002, 3329; Planta, 219, 2004, 298). Although this notion is based mainly on biochemical evidence and in vitro systems, the recent availability of Arabidopsis sigma knock-out lines for complementation by

intact and mutant sigma cDNAs has opened up new strategies for the study of transcription regulatory mechanisms in vivo. Using Arabidopsis sigma factor 6 (AtSIG6) as a paradigm, we present data suggesting that: (i) this factor is a substrate for regulatory phosphorylation by cpCK2 both in vitro and in vivo; (ii) cpCK2 phosphorylation of SIG6 occurs at multiple sites, which can widely differ in their effect on the visual and/or molecular phenotype; (iii) in vivo usage of the perhaps most critical cpCK2 site defined by Ser174 requires (pre-)phosphorylation at the n + 3 serine residue Ser177, pointing to ‘pathfinder’

kinase activity capable of generating a functional cpCK2 substrate site.”
“Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an imprinting disorder characterized by overgrowth, congenital malformation, and tumor predisposition. www.selleckchem.com/products/ldk378.html Children with BWS have a higher incidence of tumors, commonly intra-abdominal tumors such as Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma, and adrenal cortical carcinoma. Here, we describe the first case of a rare hepatic malignancy of nested stromal epithelial tumor (NSET) of the liver in a child with BWS. A 22-month old girl with BWS had a new incidental liver mass. Her alpha-fetoprotein levels were normal. She underwent a liver segmentectomy. Histopathologic

features combined with immunohistochemistry Blasticidin S results (positivity for pankeratin [AE1/3], CD56, CK19, CD117, CD99 [weak membranous pattern], beta-catenin, and WT1-COOH [focal]), were diagnostic of NSET of the liver. This is the first case of NSET of the liver associated with BWS. Its occurrence at such an early age is consistent with the tumor predisposition of BWS.”
“Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a potent pathogen of periodontitis, typically grows as a rough and adherent colony on primary isolated cultures. The colony transforms into a smooth phenotype during repeated subculture. In this study, we aimed to identify highly expressed genes in the rough-colony-forming phenotype for isolation of host-induced genes.

It is necessary to clarify the relationship between HBV replication levels apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume and severity of liver histological necroinflammation grades in both hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. The serum HBV DNA levels apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume were compared between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B as well as among liver histological necroinflammation grades 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. There were no differences https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LY2603618-IC-83.html in the serum HBV DNA levels between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative

chronic hepatitis B as well as among liver histological necroinflammation grades 1, 2, selleck screening library 3 and 4. However, there were differences in the serum HBV DNA levels apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume among liver histological necroinflammation grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, respectively. There were no differences in HBV DNA levels with the same liver histological necroinflammation grade activated by HBV wild-type and variant strains. After

the differences in hepatic parenchyma cell volume for HBV replication of the same liver histological necroinflammation grade accompanied by different hepatic fibrosis stages were adjusted, the serum HBV DNA level apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume was correlated with the severity of liver histological necroinflammation grade.”
“In permanent magnets based on the Sm2Co17 phase, the high coercivity depends on the presence of selleck inhibitor a complex microstructure,

consisting of a Sm-2(Co,Fe)(17) cell phase, a cell boundary phase Sm(Co,Cu)(5), and a Zr-rich platelet or lamellae phase. The aim of this work is to use electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) in order to identify the different phases present in the isotropic magnets produced from cast alloys with the composition of Sm(CobalFe0.2Cu0.1Zrx)(8), where x = 0, 0.02, or 0.06, and correlate them with the different phases observed in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Due to the combination of careful surface preparation and high resolution microscopy, it was possible to observe the cellular structure characteristic of the 2:17 magnets in the SEM images. Until now, only transmission electron microscopy (TEM) had been used. Composition maps, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and EBSD measurements were used for doing the phase identification. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3565417]“
“Objectives: HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study assessed longitudinal changes in carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a surrogate marker for CVD, and determined the relationship between cIMT and cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected children/young adults.

Greater than 99% of participants were interested in training to help patients manage FCR.

ConclusionsFear of cancer recurrence is commonly identified in oncology settings and a common focus of discussion in follow-up care. However, patients with high levels of FCR are not routinely referred to psychosocial staff, and barriers to referral to psychosocial care should be investigated. The diversity of approaches reported by psychosocial professionals suggests lack of consensus regarding management of FCR, indicating that the Selumetinib price development effective,

theoretical-based intervention and evidence-based intervention for FCR is a matter of priority. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“A novel, hydroxy-functional, organophosphorus flame retardant (FR), 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropane-1,3-diolylbis(hydrogen phenylphosphonate) (DHDBP), was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, (31)P-NMR, and elemental analysis. Subsequently, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/cotton (T/C; 70/30) blends were treated via pad-dry-thermosol finishing with DHDBP, citric acid, and a catalyst. Its flame retardancy, durability effect, and thermal decomposition behaviors were investigated by limited

Selleck Screening Library oxygen index, vertical burning test, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that DHDBP was not only a reactive FR with a high efficiency but also a good char-forming agent for the T/C blends. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 3066-3074, 2010″
“Objectives: Previous studies on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-308 gene promoter polymorphism in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have reported conflicting results.

Methods: We

carried out a meta-analysis of 21 studies in relation to the TNF-alpha-308 BIX 01294 cost gene promoter, involving a total of 4230 chronic HBV infection cases and 2905 controls.

Results: The overall meta-analysis indicated that -308A heterozygotes (GA) had a significant 27% decreased risk of developing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (odds ratio (OR) 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57-0.93; p = 0.012). For -308A allele homozygotes (AA) and carriers (GA+AA), the pooled odd ratios both indicated a significantly decreased risk of CHB (OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.19-0.43; p = 0.0001; and OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.55-0.89; p = 0.004, respectively). In subgroup analyses by ethnicity, a significantly decreased risk was associated with -308 variant genotypes (GA and AA) in Mongoloid populations in all genetic models. However, no significant associations were found in Caucasoids.

The early diagnosis of patients with inherited endocrine tumors may be performed either clinically or by mutation analysis in at-risk individuals. Early detection usually has IPI-145 chemical structure a large impact in tumor

management, allowing preventive clinical or surgical therapy in most cases. Advice for the clinical and surgical management of inherited endocrine tumors is also discussed. In addition, recent clinical and genetic advances for 17 different forms of inherited endocrine tumors are briefly reviewed.”
“Cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) encode afferent information in the rate and temporal structure of their spike trains. Both spontaneous firing in these neurons and its modulation by synaptic inputs depend on Ca2+ current carried by Ca(v)2.1 (P/Q) type channels. Previous studies have described how loss-of-function Ca(v)2.1 mutations affect intrinsic excitability and excitatory transmission in PCs. This study examines the effects of the leaner mutation on fast GABAergic transmission and its modulation of spontaneous firing in PCs. The leaner mutation enhances spontaneous synaptic inhibition of PCs, leading to transitory reductions in PC firing rate and increased spike rate variability. Enhanced inhibition is

paralleled by an increase in the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) measured under voltage clamp. These differences are abolished by tetrodotoxin, Batimastat implicating effects of the mutation on spike-induced GABA release. Elevated sIPSC frequency in leaner PCs is not accompanied by increased mean firing rate in molecular layer interneurons, but IPSCs evoked in PCs by direct stimulation of these neurons exhibit larger amplitude, slower decay rate, and a higher burst probability compared to wild-type

PCs. Ca2+ release from internal stores appears to be required for enhanced inhibition since differences in sIPSC frequency and amplitude in leaner and wild-type PCs are abolished by thapsigargin, an ER Ca2+ pump inhibitor. These findings represent the first account of the functional Autophagy Compound Library screening consequences of a loss-of-function P/Q channel mutation on PC firing properties through altered GABAergic transmission. Gain in synaptic inhibition shown here would compromise the fidelity of information coding in these neurons and may contribute to impaired cerebellar function resulting from loss-of function mutations in the Ca(V)2.1 channel gene.”
“Cerebral infarcts can be overlooked or grossly underestimated in the second and third week after an ischemic stroke. We report a patient who presented with a vanishing stroke on a follow-up brain computed tomography scan, a condition known as the “”fogging effect” phenomenon.

Conscious preoperative reduction using the halo vest for occipitocervical disorders is a useful and safe technique.”
“Urinary incontinence is common, increases in

prevalence with age, and affects quality of life for men and women. The initial evaluation occurs in the family physician’s office and generally does not require urologic or gynecologic evaluation. The basic workup is aimed at identifying possible reversible causes. If no reversible cause is identified, then the Stattic JAK/STAT inhibitor incontinence is considered chronic. The next step is to determine the type of incontinence (urge, stress, overflow, mixed, or functional) and the urgency with which it should be treated. These determinations are made using a patient questionnaire, such as the 3 Incontinence Questions, an assessment of other medical problems that may contribute to incontinence, a discussion of the effect of symptoms on the patient’s quality of life, a review of the patient’s completed voiding diary, a physical examination, and, if stress incontinence is suspected, a cough stress test. Other components of the evaluation include laboratory tests and measurement of postvoid residual urine volume. If the type of urinary incontinence is still not

clear, or if red flags such as hematuria, obstructive symptoms, or recurrent urinary tract infections are present, referral to a urologist or urogynecologist should be considered. (Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(8):543-550. Copyright (C) 2013 American Academy of Family Physicians.)”
“Background and Purpose: Digital Light Processing LY2606368 molecular weight Linsitinib supplier hyperspectral imaging (HsI) produces a highly sensitive, real-time tissue oxygenation map to monitor renal perfusion/oxygenation during partial nephrectomy (PN). Our initial experience with HsI revealed considerable variation in the baseline renal oxygenation, and we sought to correlate these differences with postoperative renal function.

Patients and Methods: Hyperspectral images were collected intraoperatively in patients undergoing PN for cortical tumors. The kidney was illuminated with visible light (520-645 nm), the spectrum

corresponding to that of oxyhemoglobin. Reflectance images were captured and digitally processed to determine the percentage of oxyhemoglobin (HbO(2)) at each image pixel. Images were taken before hilar occlusion; these % HbO(2) values were used to categorize patients as high (>75% HbO(2)) or low (<75% HbO(2)) oxygenation, and postoperative eGFR was assessed.

Results: There were 26 patients who underwent PN with ice cooling and HsI imaging. Nineteen patients had a “”`low” preclamp oxygenation (mean 69%) while the other 7 had a “”high” HbO(2) (mean 77%). There was no difference in tumor size, hematocrit value, clamp time, or preoperative eGFR between the two groups. Patients with a higher baseline % HbO(2) had no significant postoperative change in their eGFR (mean 0mL/min/1.

Matches

were then obtained in the presence of threshold-equalizing noise.

Results: For those with idiopathic tinnitus, the probe loudness level, calculated using a loudness model, was almost invariant with hearing loss at the probe frequency and was usually between 20 and 50 phons. For the VS group, the probe loudness level ranged from 6 to 51 phons. With increasing threshold-equalizing-noise level, the loudness match decreased slightly for the comparison group but increased significantly for the VS group.

Conclusion: The tinnitus in quiet had a moderate loudness for both groups. Background noise slightly decreased tinnitus loudness for most participants with idiopathic tinnitus but increased tinnitus loudness for VS participants. We propose 2 possible mechanisms for the effect of noise in the VS group.”
“The isolation of unknown DNA sequences is an important task selleckchem in molecular biology research. The subtractive hybridization by magnetic beads technique reduces time and cost when the aim of the study is to isolate new genes. We have developed an alternative strategy that combines the subtractive hybridization method

with an enrichment microsatellite strategy to isolate a de novo DNA sequence of the phaC gene involved in the polymerization of polyhydroxyalkanoates. A 113-bp fragment was developed as a probe and, PRIMA-1MET molecular weight based on its melting temperature calculated using the nearest-neighbor model, used to isolate the full-length phaC gene (GenBank

Accession number HM026759) of the marine bacteria Paracoccus homiensis strain E33, which was isolated from polluted microbial mats.”
“BioGlue (CryoLife Inc, Kenneswa, GA, USA), a bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde tissue sealant, was at times used to seal the myocardial holes of the polypropylene stitches at the apex of the heart during transapical aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We describe three Selleckchem ERK inhibitor patients who developed late wound healing problems after TAVI that were thought to be caused by BioGlue. The surgical wound revision was performed on the 115th, 41st and 60th days, respectively, after original TAVI procedures. At revision, a ‘foreign body’ reaction surrounded by healthy well-vascularized tissue was found. All intraoperative cultures were sterile despite evidence of purulent-like material at the time of wound debridement. The wounds healed ‘per primam intentionem’ and the patients’ postoperative course was also completely uneventful. (C) 2011 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.”
“Background: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has become increasingly popular recently and more pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGOs) are being identified. However, the treatment for these GGOs remains controversial.

The results were compared with those of a group

of 10 patients with OA of CB-839 the TMJ, treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Twenty-five patients (group A) underwent a cycle of 5 injections of HA into the TMJ. Ten patients (group B) underwent a therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 1 month. The follow-up assessments after the end of treatment were at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Regarding the first follow-up (1 month), statistical analysis for all clinical parameters showed no significant differences (ie, beneficial effect for 2 groups) between groups A and B (P > 0.001). Significant statistical differences (ie, encouraging effect for group A) for all clinical parameters were recorded 1 year after the end of treatment between groups A and B (P < 0.001).

A cycle of 5 intra-articular injections of HA without arthrocentesis for patients with OA of the TMJ is considered successful at 1-year follow-up period.”
“Objective: To develop a reliable, easy to use bedside, office, or field system that allows the rapid measurement of cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP and oVEMP) using a bone-conduction stimulus.

Study Design: Prospective bioengineering design and proof of concept of the test system with saccular and utricular otolith response studies in human

subjects.

Setting: Private practice, tertiary neurotology CH5183284 manufacturer referral center.

Subjects: Twenty healthy adult controls click here without history of auditory or vestibular dysfunction and 5 preoperative and postoperative patients with confirmed superior canal dehiscence (SCD) participated.

Interventions: The subjects underwent auditory stimuli-based cVEMP and oVEMP studies using a commercially available system as well as testing with a novel bone-conduction cVEMP and oVEMP head striker system.

Main Outcome Measures:

Duration of each study, healthy subject and patient comfort, reproducibility, latency, and amplitude of auditory and striker evoked cVEMP and oVEMP responses.

Results: The mean age of the healthy controls was 43.8, with a range of 19 to 69 years (10 male and 10 female subjects). The mean age of the SCD patient group was 46, with a range of 25 to 54 years; all female subjects. Although the cVEMP responses were similar using either the auditory or head strike stimuli, the healthy subjects preferred the latter, but the SCD patients became more symptomatic. The oVEMP data showed more consistent responses using the striker system. A statistically significant reduction in latency for the striker-evoked cVEMP occurred compared with the auditory cVEMP evoked response in the 5 SCD preoperative patients. All normalized postoperatively.

Further research and debate are needed on how and by whom this suffering at the end of life should be best treated, taking into account patients’ individual preferences. (c) 2013 The Authors. Psycho-Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“A novel water-soluble copolymer, agarosegraft-hyaluronan (Ag-g-HA), was synthesized as a peptide carrier, and selected properties were evaluated. In brief, agarose was degraded by hydrogen peroxide to achieve agarose with a low gelling temperature and a low molecular weight, activated by epichlorohydrin, and grafted with hyaluronic

acid. The IR spectrum results of the Ag-g-HA copolymer showed that there were specific absorption peaks of hyaluronan at 1609 cm(-1) (C=O),

which proved that hyaluronan was successfully grafted onto the agarose chain. The elemental analysis results showed that the nitrogen content of Ag-g-HA was 2.57%. click here The grafting ratio Captisol price of epoxy groups was deduced to be 66.41% according to the N content of the copolymer. The zeta potential analysis results disclosed that Ag-g-HA became negative with increasing pH above 3. Ag-g-HA/insulin (INS)polyelectrolyte complexes were formed via electrostatic interaction at pH 3-5.4. The results of atomic force microscopy and C potential analyses demonstrated that Ag-g-HA and INS could spontaneously form microparticles with average diameters of 2-10 mu m. The result of an INS-releasing experiment in vitro disclosed that these particles had a significant burst release effect during the initial 30 min of release at pH 1.2 or 7.4, but the release behavior was ideal in the environment of pH 6.8. The release data could be described by the Weibull Saracatinib solubility dmso equation. These results demonstrate that the Ag-g-HA copolymer possessed potential as a peptide carrier. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 3568-3574, 2010″
“About one third of patients with focal epilepsy experience seizures despite adequate medical treatment. In this population, successful epilepsy surgery improves life expectancy and health-related quality

of life, while reducing health care costs as a result of reduced hospital admissions, emergency department visits, and use of antiepileptic drugs. The effectiveness of epilepsy surgery and low incidence of surgical complications have been established by numerous studies over several decades. The International League Against Epilepsy recently issued a definition of drug-resistant epilepsy for early identification of patients who are unlikely to be treated successfully with medical therapy alone. Potential surgical candidates are identified through a detailed seizure and medical history, physical examination, and the use of video electroencephalography and neuroimaging. A presurgical evaluation should be considered as soon as drug resistance becomes evident.

Results Data were obtained from 49 published and 3 unpublished studies which reported on 29 755 individuals. HIV infection was associated

with higher TGs [SMD, 0.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.08 to 0.44] and lower HDL (SMD, -0.59; 95% CI, -0.86 to -0.31), BMI (SMD, -0.32; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.18), SBP (SMD, -0.40; 95% CI, -0.55 to -0.25) and DBP (SMD, -0.34; 95% CI, -0.51 to -0.17). Among HIV+ individuals, ART use was associated with higher LDL (SMD, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.72) and HDL (SMD, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.66), and lower HbA1c (SMD, -0.34; 95% CI, -0.62 to -0.06). Fully adjusted estimates AC220 price from analyses of individual participant data were consistent with meta-analysis of summary estimates for most traits.

Conclusions Broadly consistent with results from populations of European descent, these results suggest differences in cardiometabolic traits between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in SSA, which might be modified by ART use.

In a region with the highest burden of HIV, it will be important to clarify these findings to reliably assess the need for monitoring and managing cardiometabolic risk in HIV-infected populations in SSA.”
“BACKGROUND: Many patients drink cafe latte as part of their habitual morning routine to start their day and Mocetinostat may be unable to skip this step before drawing a fasting blood sample for cholesterol testing. However, it is unknown what

the acute effects of consuming a cafe latte are on fasting serum lipids just before blood sampling.

OBJECTIVE: This was a prospective, open-label study with the primary objective of evaluating the acute effect of a 12-oz cafe latte (2% milk) on calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and secondary objectives of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and fasting blood glucose (FBG).

METHODS: A 10-hour fasting lipid profile was obtained before and 30 minutes after subjects consumed the cafe latte.

RESULTS: Forty-nine adult participants (34 females; INCB024360 age [mean +/- SD] 32.2 +/- 13.2 years) were studied. No significant changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, or non-HDL-C were observed after coffee consumption. Triglyceride significantly decreased from a median of 76.0 to 75.0 mghiL (P =.002). HDL-C and FBG increased from a mean of. 54.4 +/- 12.7 to 56.4 14.5 mg/dL (P = .015) and 87.2 7.0 to 97.3 +/- 12.9 mg/dL (P < .001), respectively.

CONCLUSION: Consumption of 12 oz. of cafe latte within one hour of blood draw did not result in a significant change in LDL-C or non-HDL-C in young, nonobese healthy individuals. However, FBG levels increased by almost 12%. (C) 2013 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved.